Packet #428357

Database ID:	428357
Mesh Packet ID:	`0xf6174af6` Utilizado para correlação entre gateways
Tempo:	2025-10-19 08:39:33 UTC
Do Node:	pedrom_cbr-GT-8 (pm_1)
Para o Node:	FKAveiro-GW-8 (3424)
Successo:	Processado
Protocolo:	TRACEROUTE_APP Port: 70

Gateway:	MNDZ-GW-8 (GLG1)
Canal:	LongFast
RSSI:	-117 dBm
SNR:	-8.0 dBm
Info Hop:	3/4 hops Início: 4, Limite: 1

Caminho da Rota:	!ba56b7bc → CS7AIK2-CL-8 (AIK2) → R002-R-868🇵🇹 (R002)
Quantidade de Hops:	2 hops
Estado:	Incomplete - Final destination not reached
SNR para:	0.0 dB -7.0 dB -5.75 dB

Hop	Do Node	Para Node	Distancia	SNR (dB)	Direção	Análise
1	pedrom_cbr-GT-8 (pm_1)	!ba56b7bc	Unknown	0.0 dB	Origem	Hops
2	!ba56b7bc	CS7AIK2-CL-8 (AIK2)	Unknown	-7.0 dB	Reptido	Hops
3	CS7AIK2-CL-8 (AIK2)	R002-R-868🇵🇹 (R002)	65.52 km	-5.75 dB	Reptido	Hops
Traceroute incompleto - Não alcançou o destino final

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	37 bytes
Gateway:	!a062095c
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:	3 / 4

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
+ 2 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 2 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!a062095c` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (37 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`2425773404` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`3677041700` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`70` TRACEROUTE_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`37` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`1` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`4` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`3` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-117.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`-8.00` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1760859571` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	True Acknowledgment requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`86` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1760859573.0134532` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (3 hops)
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Want ack:	`True`
Gateway ID:	`!a062095c`
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -117.0 dBm SNR: -8.00 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:	37 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "route_nodes": [ 3126245308, 1402238961, 793292630 ], "snr_towards": [ 0.0, -7.0, -5.75 ], "route_back": [], "snr_back": [], "route_node_names": { "3677041700": "FKAveiro-GW-8 (3424)", "1402238961": "CS7AIK2-CL-8 (AIK2)", "793292630": "R002-R-868🇵🇹 (R002)", "2425773404": "pedrom_cbr-GT-8 (pm_1)", "3126245308": "!ba56b7bc" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 428357, "timestamp": 1760859573.0134532, "from_node_id": 2425773404, "to_node_id": 3677041700, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!a062095c", "channel_id": "LongFast", "mesh_packet_id": 4128721654, "rssi": -117, "snr": -8.0, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 4, "payload_length": 37, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "0a0cbcb756baf177945356af482f121500e4ffffffffffffffff01e9ffffffffffffffff01", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1760859571, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 86, "tx_after": 0, "timestamp_str": "2025-10-19 08:39:33", "hop_count": 3, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "pedrom_cbr-GT-8 (pm_1)", "to_node_name": "FKAveiro-GW-8 (3424)", "gateway_name": "MNDZ-GW-8 (GLG1)", "gateway_location": { "node_id": 2690779484, "latitude": 39.4002432, "longitude": -8.4672512, "altitude": 24, "timestamp": 1761208711.2232187, "timestamp_str": "2025-10-23 09:38:31", "display_name": "MNDZ-GW-8", "long_name": "MNDZ-GW-8", "short_name": "GLG1", "hw_model": "RAK4631" } }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 428357, "from_node_id": 2425773404, "to_node_id": 3677041700, "timestamp": 1760859573.0134532, "gateway_id": "!a062095c", "raw_payload": "0a0cbcb756baf177945356af482f121500e4ffffffffffffffff01e9ffffffffffffffff01", "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 4, "from_node_name": "pedrom_cbr-GT-8 (pm_1)", "to_node_name": "!db2b3424", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [ 3126245308, 1402238961, 793292630 ], "snr_towards": [ 0.0, -7.0, -5.75 ], "route_back": [], "snr_back": [] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward", "node_ids": [ 2425773404, 3126245308, 1402238961, 793292630 ], "node_names": [ "pedrom_cbr-GT-8 (pm_1)", "!ba56b7bc", "CS7AIK2-CL-8 (AIK2)", "R002-R-868🇵🇹 (R002)" ], "snr_values": [ 0.0, -7.0, -5.75 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2425773404, "to_node_id": 3126245308, "from_node_name": "pedrom_cbr-GT-8 (pm_1)", "to_node_name": "!ba56b7bc", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 3126245308, "to_node_id": 1402238961, "from_node_name": "!ba56b7bc", "to_node_name": "CS7AIK2-CL-8 (AIK2)", "snr": -7.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 1402238961, "to_node_id": 793292630, "from_node_name": "CS7AIK2-CL-8 (AIK2)", "to_node_name": "R002-R-868🇵🇹 (R002)", "snr": -5.75, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 65518.71085004628, "from_location_timestamp": 1760782270.8174565, "to_location_timestamp": 1760822289.1527355, "from_location_age_warning": "from 21.5h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 10.4h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 3 }, "return_path": null, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "forward_rf", "node_ids": [ 2425773404, 3126245308, 1402238961, 793292630 ], "node_names": [ "pedrom_cbr-GT-8 (pm_1)", "!ba56b7bc", "CS7AIK2-CL-8 (AIK2)", "R002-R-868🇵🇹 (R002)" ], "snr_values": [ 0.0, -7.0, -5.75 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2425773404, "to_node_id": 3126245308, "from_node_name": "pedrom_cbr-GT-8 (pm_1)", "to_node_name": "!ba56b7bc", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 3126245308, "to_node_id": 1402238961, "from_node_name": "!ba56b7bc", "to_node_name": "CS7AIK2-CL-8 (AIK2)", "snr": -7.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 1402238961, "to_node_id": 793292630, "from_node_name": "CS7AIK2-CL-8 (AIK2)", "to_node_name": "R002-R-868🇵🇹 (R002)", "snr": -5.75, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 65518.71085004628, "from_location_timestamp": 1760782270.8174565, "to_location_timestamp": 1760822289.1527355, "from_location_age_warning": "from 21.5h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 10.4h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 3 } }, "has_return_path": false, "is_complete": false, "forward_path_display": "pedrom_cbr-GT-8 (pm_1) → !ba56b7bc → CS7AIK2-CL-8 (AIK2) → R002-R-868🇵🇹 (R002)", "return_path_display": null, "actual_rf_path_display": "pedrom_cbr-GT-8 (pm_1) → !ba56b7bc → CS7AIK2-CL-8 (AIK2) → R002-R-868🇵🇹 (R002)", "forward_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2425773404, "to_node_id": 3126245308, "from_node_name": "pedrom_cbr-GT-8 (pm_1)", "to_node_name": "!ba56b7bc", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 3126245308, "to_node_id": 1402238961, "from_node_name": "!ba56b7bc", "to_node_name": "CS7AIK2-CL-8 (AIK2)", "snr": -7.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 1402238961, "to_node_id": 793292630, "from_node_name": "CS7AIK2-CL-8 (AIK2)", "to_node_name": "R002-R-868🇵🇹 (R002)", "snr": -5.75, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 65518.71085004628, "from_location_timestamp": 1760782270.8174565, "to_location_timestamp": 1760822289.1527355, "from_location_age_warning": "from 21.5h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 10.4h ago" } ], "return_hops": [], "total_forward_distance": 65518.71085004628, "total_return_distance": null }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!a062095c", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2425773404, "to": 3677041700, "id": 4128721654, "rx_time": 1760859571, "rx_snr": -8.0, "rx_rssi": -117, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 4, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 86, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 70, "payload": "0a0cbcb756baf177945356af482f121500e4ffffffffffffffff01e9ffffffffffffffff01", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "route": [ 3126245308, 1402238961, 793292630 ], "snr_towards": [ 0, -28, -23 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (37 bytes)

0a0cbcb756baf177945356af482f121500e4ffffffffffffffff01e9ffffffffffffffff01

Hex Analysis:

Size:	37 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Pacote #428357 Successo

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