Packet #491698

Database ID:	491698
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x945d3ea7` Utilizado para correlação entre gateways
Tempo:	2025-10-22 20:25:47 UTC
Do Node:	ESPOSENDE-RL-868🇵🇹 (BIG2)
Para o Node:	CS7BIG-8🇵🇹 (BIG1)
Successo:	Processado
Protocolo:	TRACEROUTE_APP Port: 70

Gateway:	ℹ️(Meshtastic.pt)-GW-868🇵🇹 (BIG4)
Canal:	LongFast
RSSI:	-83 dBm
SNR:	6.25 dBm
Info Hop:	0/3 hops Início: 3, Limite: 3

Caminho da Rota:	!ffffffff → !ffffffff → !ffffffff
Quantidade de Hops:	2 hops
Estado:	Complete
SNR para:	-32.0 dB -32.0 dB -32.0 dB 6.0 dB

Hop	Do Node	Para Node	Distancia	SNR (dB)	Direção	Análise
1	ESPOSENDE-RL-868🇵🇹 (BIG2)	!ffffffff	Unknown	-32.0 dB	Origem	Hops
2	!ffffffff	!ffffffff	Unknown	-32.0 dB	Reptido	Hops
3	!ffffffff	!ffffffff	Unknown	-32.0 dB	Destino	Hops

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	47 bytes
Gateway:	!ba61d134
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:	Unknown / 3

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
+ 3 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 1 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!ba61d134` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (47 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`1421245238` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4186795636` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`70` TRACEROUTE_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`47` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`3` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`3` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-83.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`6.25` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1761161146` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	True Acknowledgment requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`54` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1761161147.0079005` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Want ack:	`True`
Gateway ID:	`!ba61d134`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -83.0 dBm SNR: 6.25 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:	47 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "route_nodes": [ 4294967295, 4294967295, 4294967295 ], "snr_towards": [ -32.0, -32.0, -32.0, 6.0 ], "route_back": [], "snr_back": [], "route_node_names": { "4186795636": "CS7BIG-8🇵🇹 (BIG1)", "1421245238": "ESPOSENDE-RL-868🇵🇹 (BIG2)", "4294967295": "!ffffffff" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 491698, "timestamp": 1761161147.0079005, "from_node_id": 1421245238, "to_node_id": 4186795636, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!ba61d134", "channel_id": "LongFast", "mesh_packet_id": 2489138855, "rssi": -83, "snr": 6.25, "hop_limit": 3, "hop_start": 3, "payload_length": 47, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "0a0cffffffffffffffffffffffff121f80ffffffffffffffff0180ffffffffffffffff0180ffffffffffffffff0118", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1761161146, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 54, "tx_after": 0, "timestamp_str": "2025-10-22 20:25:47", "hop_count": 0, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "ESPOSENDE-RL-868🇵🇹 (BIG2)", "to_node_name": "CS7BIG-8🇵🇹 (BIG1)", "gateway_name": "ℹ️(Meshtastic.pt)-GW-868🇵🇹 (BIG4)", "gateway_location": { "node_id": 3126972724, "latitude": 41.537737, "longitude": -8.741698, "altitude": 49, "timestamp": 1761075747.0027575, "timestamp_str": "2025-10-21 20:42:27", "display_name": "ℹ️(Meshtastic.pt)-GW-868🇵🇹", "long_name": "ℹ️(Meshtastic.pt)-GW-868🇵🇹", "short_name": "BIG4", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V3" } }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 491698, "from_node_id": 1421245238, "to_node_id": 4186795636, "timestamp": 1761161147.0079005, "gateway_id": "!ba61d134", "raw_payload": "0a0cffffffffffffffffffffffff121f80ffffffffffffffff0180ffffffffffffffff0180ffffffffffffffff0118", "hop_limit": 3, "hop_start": 3, "from_node_name": "ESPOSENDE-RL-868🇵🇹 (BIG2)", "to_node_name": "CS7BIG-8🇵🇹 (BIG1)", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [ 4294967295, 4294967295, 4294967295 ], "snr_towards": [ -32.0, -32.0, -32.0, 6.0 ], "route_back": [], "snr_back": [] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward", "node_ids": [ 1421245238, 4294967295, 4294967295, 4294967295 ], "node_names": [ "ESPOSENDE-RL-868🇵🇹 (BIG2)", "!ffffffff", "!ffffffff", "!ffffffff" ], "snr_values": [ -32.0, -32.0, -32.0, 6.0 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 1421245238, "to_node_id": 4294967295, "from_node_name": "ESPOSENDE-RL-868🇵🇹 (BIG2)", "to_node_name": "!ffffffff", "snr": -32.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 4294967295, "to_node_id": 4294967295, "from_node_name": "!ffffffff", "to_node_name": "!ffffffff", "snr": -32.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 4294967295, "to_node_id": 4294967295, "from_node_name": "!ffffffff", "to_node_name": "!ffffffff", "snr": -32.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 3 }, "return_path": null, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "forward_rf", "node_ids": [ 4186795636, 4294967295, 1421245238 ], "node_names": [ "CS7BIG-8🇵🇹 (BIG1)", "!ffffffff", "ESPOSENDE-RL-868🇵🇹 (BIG2)" ], "snr_values": [ -32.0, -32.0, -32.0, 6.0 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 4186795636, "to_node_id": 4294967295, "from_node_name": "CS7BIG-8🇵🇹 (BIG1)", "to_node_name": "!ffffffff", "snr": -32.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 4294967295, "to_node_id": 4294967295, "from_node_name": "!ffffffff", "to_node_name": "!ffffffff", "snr": -32.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 4294967295, "to_node_id": 4294967295, "from_node_name": "!ffffffff", "to_node_name": "!ffffffff", "snr": -32.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 4294967295, "to_node_id": 1421245238, "from_node_name": "!ffffffff", "to_node_name": "ESPOSENDE-RL-868🇵🇹 (BIG2)", "snr": 6.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "is_complete": true, "total_hops": 4 } }, "has_return_path": false, "is_complete": true, "forward_path_display": "ESPOSENDE-RL-868🇵🇹 (BIG2) → !ffffffff → !ffffffff → !ffffffff", "return_path_display": null, "actual_rf_path_display": "CS7BIG-8🇵🇹 (BIG1) → !ffffffff → ESPOSENDE-RL-868🇵🇹 (BIG2)", "forward_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 1421245238, "to_node_id": 4294967295, "from_node_name": "ESPOSENDE-RL-868🇵🇹 (BIG2)", "to_node_name": "!ffffffff", "snr": -32.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 4294967295, "to_node_id": 4294967295, "from_node_name": "!ffffffff", "to_node_name": "!ffffffff", "snr": -32.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 4294967295, "to_node_id": 4294967295, "from_node_name": "!ffffffff", "to_node_name": "!ffffffff", "snr": -32.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "return_hops": [], "total_forward_distance": 0, "total_return_distance": null }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!ba61d134", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 1421245238, "to": 4186795636, "id": 2489138855, "rx_time": 1761161146, "rx_snr": 6.25, "rx_rssi": -83, "hop_limit": 3, "hop_start": 3, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 54, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 70, "payload": "0a0cffffffffffffffffffffffff121f80ffffffffffffffff0180ffffffffffffffff0180ffffffffffffffff0118", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "route": [ 4294967295, 4294967295, 4294967295 ], "snr_towards": [ -128, -128, -128, 24 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (47 bytes)

0a0cffffffffffffffffffffffff121f80ffffffffffffffff0180ffffffffffffffff0180ffffffffffffffff0118

Hex Analysis:

Size:	47 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Gateway	Time Offset	RSSI	SNR	Hops	Channel	Timestamp	Actions
ℹ️(Meshtastic.pt)-GW-868🇵🇹 (BIG4) Primary	0.000s Reference	-83.0 dBm	6.25 dB	0	LongFast	2025-10-22 20:25:47	Current
CT2HGJ_(BCL)-8 (2HGJ)	+839.749s After	-120.0 dBm	-7.75 dB	1	LongFast	2025-10-22 20:39:46	View

Pacote #491698 Successo

Informação de Pacotes

Conteúdo dados

Dados:

Info. da Rota

Visualização da Rota

Passos do Traceroute

Combined Traceroute Graph

Legend & Paths

Nodes

Connections

Packet Paths